CORRELATION BETWEEN COVID-19 DEATHS AND SOCIAL INDICATORS IN NORTHEAST BRAZIL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.64671/ts.v22i5.129Palabras clave:
Pandemic, Diabetes, Arterial hypertension, Deaths, VulnerabilityResumen
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has exposed existing vulnerabilities, particularly in health and economics. It is valid to understand how deaths and comorbidities were influenced by social vulnerability indexes. Assessed the prevalence and correlations between comorbidities related to deaths from COVID-19 and vulnerability index in 6 northeastern states of Brazil. Cross-sectional and retrospective study with secondary data in the period that presented 49% less death in the year 2020. A comparison was made between observed and expected distribution and correlations between deaths, comorbidities and vulnerability indexes. The state of Rio Grande do Norte presented correlations in almost all age groups in both sexes, with moderate and significant correlations (r= -0.404; p< 0.0001) for males of all ages and males with age ≥60 years (r = 0.440; p<0.0001). When correlating diabetes with income indexes, we obtained strong correlations for the Gini and Theil-L index (r= -0.720; p= 0.006), hypertension presented a moderate and significant correlation (r= 0.593; p= 0.047) with the social vulnerability index. It is concluded that the comorbidities involved with the deaths are correlated with social vulnerability.
Referencias
1. Ranzani O.T.; Bastos L.S.; Gelli J.G.M.; Marchesi J.F.; Baião F.; Hamacher S.; Bozza F.A. Characterisation of the first 250000 hospital admissions for COVID-19 in Brazil: a retrospective analysis of nationwide data. The Lancet Resp. Medic. 2021, 9, 407–18. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30560-9
2. Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística-IBGE/CENSUS. Diretoria de Pesquisas, Coordenação de Trabalho e Rendimento. Available online: URL:https://www.ibge.gov.br/cidades- e-estados. (Accessed at September 2020).
3. Vos B.R.; Martin W.; Laborde D. How much will global poverty increase because of COVID-19?. Washigton: International Food Policy Research Institute [online serie] March 2020 [cited 29th Aug]. Available online: URL:https://www.ifpri.org/blog/how-much-will-global-poverty-increase- because-covid-19
4. Santos J.P.C.D.; Siqueira A.S.P.; Praça H.L.F.; Albuquerque H.G. Vulnerability to severe forms of COVID-19: an intra-municipal analysis in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Cadernos de Saúde Pública 2020, 36, 1-12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311x00075720
5. PNUD- Programa das Nações Unidas para o Desenvolvimento. Available online:URL:h https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/14/5141/htm ttps://www.br.undp.org/content/brazil/pt/home/idh0.html. (Accessed at August 2020)
6. Camara S.F.; Pinto F.R.; Da Silva F.R.; Gerhard F. Vulnerabilidade socioeconômica à COVID-19 em municípios do Ceará. Rev. Adm. Pública 2020, 54, 1037- 1051. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-761220200133
7. Harapana H.; Itohd N.; Yufikae A.; Winardif W.; Keamg S.; Teh H.; Megawatii D.; Hayatia Z.; Wagnerl A.; Mudatsira M. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A literature review. J. of Infec. and Public Health 2020, 13, 667– 673 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiph.2020.03.019
8. Zhang J.J.; Dong X.; Cao Y.Y.; Yuan Y.D.; Yang Y.Y.; Yan Y.Q.; Akdis C.A.; Gao Y.D. Clinical characteristics of 140 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Wuhan, China. Allergy, 2020, 75, 1730-1741. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/all.14238
9. Torres-Tamayo M.; Caracas-Portillo N.; Peña-Aparicio B.; Juárez-Rojas J.; Medina-Urrutia A.; Martínez-Alvarado M. Infección por coronavirus en pacientes con diabetes. Cardiovascular and Metabolic Science 2020, 31, 235- 246. DOI: https://doi.org/10.35366/93954
10. Macinko J.; Seixas B.V.; Woolley N.O.; Andrade F.B.D.; Lima-Costa M.F. Prevalência e características de brasileiros com 50 anos ou mais que receberam um diagnóstico médico de COVID-19: iniciativa ELSI-COVID-19. Cadernos de Saúde Pública 2020, 36, 1-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311x00190320
11. Meng J.; Xiao G.; Zhang J.; He X.; Ou M.; Bi J.; Yang R.; Di W.; Wang Z.; Li Z.; Gao H.; Liu L.; Zhang G. Renin-Angiotensin System Inhibitors improve th clinical outcomes of COVID-19 patients with hypertension. Emerging Microbes & Infections 2020, 9, 757-760. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/22221751.2020.1746200
12. Barbosa I.R.; Gonçalves R.C.B.; Santana R.L. Social vulnerability map for the municipality of Natal (Northeast Brazil) at a census sector level. J Human Growth Dev. 2020, 29, 48-56. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7322/jhgd.157749
13. Liu Z.; Xiao X.; Wei X.; Li J.; Yang J.; Tan H.; Zhu J.: Zhang O.; Wu J.; Liu L. Composition and divergence of coronavirus Spike proteins and host ACE2 receptors predict potential intermediate host of SARS-CoV-2. J Med Virol. 2020, 1-7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25726
14. Silva J.B.; Muniz A.M. Pandemia do Coronavírus no Brasil: Impactos no Pandemia do Coronavírus no Brasil: Impactos no Território Cearense. Espaço e Econ 2020, 9, 1-20. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4000/espacoeconomia.10501
15. Borges G.M.; Crespo C.D. Aspectos demográficos e socioeconômicos dos adultos brasileiros e a COVID-19: uma análise dos grupos de risco a partir da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde. Cad. Saúde Pública 2020, 36, 1-15. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311x00141020
16. Pollitt G.; Krystal J.K.; Peccia J.; Ko A.I.; Kaminski N.; Cruz C.S.D.; Nebert D.W.; Reichardt K.V.J.; Thompson D.C.; Vasiliou V. COVID-19 vulnerability: the potential impact of genetic susceptibility and airborne transmission. Human genomics 2020, 14, 1-7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40246-020-00267-3
17. Fang L.; Karakoulakis G.; Roth M. Are patients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus at increased risk for COVID-19 infection?. Lancet Respir Med 2020, 8, 1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30116-8
18. Tadic M.; Cuspidi C.; Sala C. COVID-19 and diabetes: Is there enough evidence? Journal of Clinical Hypertension 2020, 22, 943-948. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jch.13912
19. Petto J.; Santos P.H.S.; Santos L.F.S.; Sena D.S.S.; Sacramento M.S. Interação entre SARS-COV-2 e o sistema Renina Angiotensina. Rev Pesquisa em Fisioterapia 2021, 11, 1-13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17267/2238-2704rpf.v11i1.3412
20. Kim S.; Iwao H. Molecular and cellular mechanisms of angiotensin II-mediated cardiovascular and renal diseases. Pharmacol Rev. 2000, 52, 11-34. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-6997(24)01434-0
21. Prasad A.; Quyyumi A.A. Renin-Angiotensin system and angiotensin receptor blockers in the metabolic syndrome. Circulation 2004, 110, 1507-1512. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.0000141736.76561.78
22. Velazquez-Caldelas T.E.; Alcalá-Corona A.S.; Espinal-Enríquez J.; Hernandez- Lemus E. Unveiling the link between inflammation and adaptive immunity in breast cancer. Frontiers in immunology 2019, 10, 1-14. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2019.00056
23. Schnitzler M.M.; Storch U.; Gudermann T. AT1 receptors as mechanosensors. Current opinion in pharmacology 2011, 11, 112-116. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coph.2010.11.003
24. Gomes E.R.; Santos R.A.; Guatimosim S. Angiotensin-(1-7)-mediated signaling in cardiomyocytes. Int J Hypertens 2012, 1-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/493129
25. Ray P.D.; Huang B.W.; Tsuji Y. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis and redox regulation in cellular signaling. Cellular Signalling 2012, 24, 981- 990. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cellsig.2012.01.008
26. Hussain A.; Bhowmik B.; Moreira N.C.V. COVID-19 and diabetes: Knowledge in progress. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 2020, 162, 01-09. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108142
27. Zhang P.; Zhu L.; Cai J.; Lei F.; Qin J.J.; Xie J.; Liu Y.M.; Zhao Y.C.; Huang X.; Lin L.; Xia M.: Chen M.M.; Cheng X.; Zhang X.; Guo D.; Peng Y.; Ji Y.X.; Chen J.; She Z.G.; Wang Y.; Xu Q.; Tan R.; Wang H.; Lin J.; Luo P.; Fu S.; Cai H.; Ye P.; Xiao B.; Mao W.; Liu L.; Yan Y.; Liu M.; Chen M.; Zhang X.J.; Wang X.; Touyz R.M.; Xia J.; Zhang B.H.; Huang X.; Yuan Y.; Rohit L.; Liu P.P.; Li H. Association of Inpatient Use of Angiotensin- Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers With Mortality Among Patients With Hypertension Hospitalized With COVID-19. CirculationResearch 2020, 126, 1671-1681. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.120.317134
28. Imai Y.; Kuba K.; Rao S.; Huan Y.; Guo F.; Guan B et al. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 protects from severe acute lung failure. Nature 2005, 436, 112–116. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nature03712
29. Bozkurt B.; Kovacs R.; Harrington B. Joint HFSA/ACC/AHA statement addresses concerns re: using RAAS antagonists in COVID-19. Journal of cardiac failure 2020, 26, 370. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cardfail.2020.04.013
30. Almeida K.C.; Silva M.C.H.; Cruz L.L.; Rocha L.A.S.; Falcão F.C.D.O.S.; Santos J.C.; Cândido E.A.F. Prevalência e correlação das comorbidades por idade e sexo dos óbitos por COVID-19 no estado de Sergipe-Brasil: Parte I. Rev Eletrônica Acervo Saúde 2020, 12, 1-10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.25248/reas.e4806.2020
31. Martins L.D.; Silva I.; Batista W.B.; Andrade M.F.; Freitas E.D.; Martins J.A. How socio-economic and atmospheric variables impact COVID-19 and influenza outbreaks in tropical and subtropical regions of Brazil. Environmental research 2020, 191, 2-11. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2020.110184
32. Olímpio J.L.S.; Loureiro C.V.; da Costa A.R.; Góis R.A.D. Desigualdade socioambiental e a capacidade de lidar com a pandemia de covid-19: avaliação da geoespacialidade da vulnerabilidade em fortaleza-ce. Revista da Casa da Geografia de Sobral (RCGS) 2020, 22, 70-89. DOI: https://doi.org/10.35701/rcgs.v22n2.695
33. Mendonça F.D.; Rocha S.S.; Pinheiro D.L.P.; Oliveira S.V. Região Norte do Brasil e a pandemia de COVID-19: análise socioeconômica e epidemiológica. Journal Health Nepeps 2020, 5, 20-37 DOI: https://doi.org/10.30681/252610104535
34. Kim D.W. Byeon K.H.; Kim J.; Cho K.D.; Lee N. The correlation of comorbidities on the mortality in patients with COVID-19: na observational study based on the Korean National Health Insurance big daa. J Korean Medical Science 2020, 35, 1-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e243
Descargas
Publicado
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2026 Temas em Saúde

Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.